Figure 6

PRISMA flow diagram details the screening and selection process for studies on glutamine supplementation and wound healing. From the initial database search, studies were filtered through title screening, abstract review, and full-text assessment.

Figure 7

Characteristics of included studies on arginine supplementation for wound healing are summarized in tabular form. The table captures study design, participant demographics, dosage protocols, and primary outcome measures across the selected trials.

Figure 8

Glutamine-to-arginine metabolism in human macrophages is mapped, showing the conversion of carbamoyl phosphate and ornithine to citrulline via ornithine transcarbamylase, and subsequent transformation to argininosuccinate. This pathway is central to understanding how glutamine supports immune-mediated wound repair.

Figure 9

Study characteristics for the glutamine supplementation arm of the systematic review are presented. The compilation enables cross-study comparison of dosing regimens, wound types, and healing outcomes measured in human trials.

Figure 11

Risk of bias assessment for glutamine studies complements the arginine evaluation. The systematic assessment of selection, performance, detection, attrition, and reporting bias helps contextualize the strength of conclusions about glutamine and wound repair.

Figure 12

The PRISMA flow diagram for the arginine search strategy traces article identification through database queries, duplicate removal, and eligibility screening. Five human studies on arginine supplementation and wound healing met the final inclusion criteria.