Mechanisms of Action
Apoptosis
Programmed cell death — a controlled process essential for tissue homeostasis.
Apoptosis is the genetically regulated process of programmed cell death that eliminates damaged, aged, or unnecessary cells without triggering inflammation. In the hair follicle cycle, apoptosis of matrix cells during the catagen (regression) phase is a normal and essential process. However, premature or excessive apoptosis in the hair follicle bulb can lead to accelerated hair loss. Certain supplements (antioxidants, zinc, selenium) may protect follicular cells from stress-induced apoptosis by modulating pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic signaling pathways (Bcl-2 family, caspases).