Vitamin C

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a water-soluble vitamin and potent antioxidant that serves as an essential cofactor for collagen biosynthesis, carnitine production, and neurotransmitter synthesis. It enhances non-heme iron absorption and supports both innate and adaptive immune function. In hair biology, vitamin C is required for the hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen formation, and its antioxidant properties protect hair follicles from oxidative damage. Scurvy (severe deficiency) causes corkscrew hairs and easy bruising.