Differential impact of environmental factors on systemic and localized autoimmunity.
Hanane Touil,
Kristin Mounts,
Philip Lawrence De Jager
Review
Frontiers in immunology
2023
33 citations
PubMed
DOI
CC-BY
PDF
<\/script>\n`;
},
get iframeSnippet() {
const domain = 'immunecited.com';
const params = 'pmid\u003D37283765';
return ``;
},
get activeSnippet() {
return this.method === 'script' ? this.scriptSnippet : this.iframeSnippet;
},
copySnippet() {
navigator.clipboard.writeText(this.activeSnippet).then(() => {
this.copied = true;
setTimeout(() => { this.copied = false; }, 2000);
});
}
}"
@keydown.escape.window="open = false"
@click.outside="open = false">
Study Design
- Study Type
- Review
- Intervention
- Differential impact of environmental factors on systemic and localized autoimmunity. None
- Comparator
- Placebo
- Effect Direction
- Mixed
- Risk of Bias
- Unclear
Abstract
The influence of environmental factors on the development of autoimmune disease is being broadly investigated to better understand the multifactorial nature of autoimmune pathogenesis and to identify potential areas of intervention. Areas of particular interest include the influence of lifestyle, nutrition, and vitamin deficiencies on autoimmunity and chronic inflammation. In this review, we discuss how particular lifestyles and dietary patterns may contribute to or modulate autoimmunity. We explored this concept through a spectrum of several autoimmune diseases including Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Alopecia Areata (AA) affecting the central nervous system, whole body, and the hair follicles, respectively. A clear commonality between the autoimmune conditions of interest here is low Vitamin D, a well-researched hormone in the context of autoimmunity with pleiotropic immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. While low levels are often correlated with disease activity and progression in MS and AA, the relationship is less clear in SLE. Despite strong associations with autoimmunity, we lack conclusive evidence which elucidates its role in contributing to pathogenesis or simply as a result of chronic inflammation. In a similar vein, other vitamins impacting the development and course of these diseases are explored in this review, and overall diet and lifestyle. Recent work exploring the effects of dietary interventions on MS showed that a balanced diet was linked to improvement in clinical parameters, comorbid conditions, and overall quality of life for patients. In patients with MS, SLE and AA, certain diets and supplements are linked to lower incidence and improved symptoms. Conversely, obesity during adolescence was linked with higher incidence of MS while in SLE it was associated with organ damage. Autoimmunity is thought to emerge from the complex interplay between environmental factors and genetic background. Although the scope of this review focuses on environmental factors, it is imperative to elaborate the interaction between genetic susceptibility and environment due to the multifactorial origin of these disease. Here, we offer a comprehensive review about the influence of recent environmental and lifestyle factors on these autoimmune diseases and potential translation into therapeutic interventions.
Full Text
Figures
Tables
Table 1
| Environmental factors | Multiple Sclerosis (MS) | Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) | Alopecia Areata (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vitamin D | Deficient (<20ng/mL), or insufficient | SLE genetic susceptibility (CYP24A1 gene allele) ( | Low serum levels of Vit D (14.03 ± 8.09 ng/mL) in AA, which represents 79.6% of patients with low Vit D compared to controls ( |
| Obesity | ˜3% weight increase in MS cases (n=1571) compared to controls (n=3371) ( | 85% significant increase risk to develop SLE in obese women compared to those with healthy BMI ( | Higher BMI (p=0.005) in a Japanese AA cohort (n=70) compared to controls (n=70) ( |
| Diet | Low iron (p=0.04), magnesium (p<0.001) levels in MS patients ( | Inadequate intakes of iodine, potassium, magnesium, folate, and vitamins E and D, and overconsumption of sugar, sodium, and phosphorus ( | Protein deficiency (intake <30g/day) is associated with AA disease onset ( |
References
- Efficacy and safety of multiple sclerosis drugs approved since 2018 and future developments CNS Drugs, 2022
- Multiple sclerosis genomic map implicates peripheral immune cells and microglia in susceptibility Science, 2019
- Genetic association analyses implicate aberrant regulation of innate and adaptive immunity genes in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus Nat Genet, 2015
- Genome-wide association study in alopecia areata implicates both innate and adaptive immunity Nature, 2010
- Epstein-Barr Virus and multiple sclerosis Nat Rev Microbiol, 2023
- The vitamin d deficiency pandemic: approaches for diagnosis, treatment and prevention Rev Endocr Metab Disord, 2017
- Association of UV radiation with multiple sclerosis prevalence and sex ratio in France Neurology, 2011
- Association between polymorphisms in the vitamin d receptor and susceptibility to multiple sclerosis Pharmacogenet Genomics, 2021
- Combined role of vitamin d status and CYP24A1 in the transition to systemic lupus erythematosus Ann Rheum Dis, 2017
- Vitamin d deficiency in systemic lupus erythematosus Autoimmun Rev, 2006
- Vitamin d may not be a good marker of disease activity in Korean patients with systemic lupus erythematosus Rheumatol Int, 2011
- Darkness hormone or daylight hormone in women with systemic lupus erythematosus Clin Rheumatol, 2023
- Serum ferritin and vitamin d levels should be evaluated in patients with diffuse hair loss prior to treatment Postepy Dermatol Alergol, 2020
- Assessment of vitamin d receptors in alopecia areata and androgenetic alopecia J Cosmet Dermatol, 2016
- High body mass index before age 20 is associated with increased risk for multiple sclerosis in both men and women Mult Scler, 2012
- Childhood body mass index and multiple sclerosis risk: a long-term cohort study Mult Scler, 2013
- Obesity and multiple sclerosis: a mendelian randomization study PloS Med, 2016
- IL-17 in obesity and adipogenesis Cytokine Growth Factor Rev, 2010
- Role of immune cells in obesity induced low grade inflammation and insulin resistance Cell Immunol, 2017
- Obesity worsens central inflammation and disability in multiple sclerosis Mult Scler, 2020
- Evidences of dual role of vitamin d through cellular energy homeostasis and inflammation pathway in risk of cancer in obese subjects Minerva Med, 2013
- Obesity and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus among women in the nurses' health studies Semin Arthritis Rheum, 2017
- A prospective study of obesity and risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) among black women Semin Arthritis Rheum, 2019
- Obesity is an independent contributor to functional capacity and inflammation in systemic lupus erythematosus Arthritis Rheum, 2005
- Resistin levels in lupus and associations with disease-specific measures, insulin resistance, and coronary calcification J Rheumatol, 2011
- Dietary habits in Japanese patients with alopecia areata Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol, 2021
- Higher body mass index is associated with greater severity of alopecia in men with male-pattern androgenetic alopecia in Taiwan: a cross-sectional study J Am Acad Dermatol, 2014
- Adiponectin as a novel biomarker of disease severity in alopecia areata Sci Rep, 2021
- New insights on the nutrition status and antioxidant capacity in multiple sclerosis patients Nutrients, 2019
- Dynamic regulatory network controlling TH17 cell differentiation Nature, 2013
- Is Mediterranean diet associated with multiple sclerosis related symptoms and fatigue severity Nutr Neurosci, 2023
- Dietary intake and nutritional status in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed), 2018
- [Household food availability in Brazil: distribution and trends (1974-2003)] Rev Saude Publica, 2005
- Intakes of vitamin B6 and dietary fiber and clinical course of systemic lupus erythematosus: a prospective study of Japanese female patients J Epidemiol, 2011
- The association between dietary patterns and a doctor diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus: the adventist health study-2 Lupus, 2022
- Serum biotin levels in women complaining of hair loss Int J Trichology, 2016
- Evaluation of serum homocysteine, high-sensitivity CRP, and RBC folate in patients with alopecia areata Indian J Dermatol, 2014
- Causes of hair loss and the developments in hair rejuvenation Int J Cosmet Sci, 2002
- Mediterranean Diet: fresh herbs and fresh vegetables decrease the risk of androgenetic alopecia in males Arch Dermatol Res, 2018
- The role of diet as an adjuvant treatment in scarring and nonscarring alopecia Skin Appendage Disord, 2020
- Rising prevalence of multiple sclerosis worldwide: insights from the atlas of MS, third edition Mult Scler, 2020
- Ocrelizumab versus placebo in primary progressive multiple sclerosis N Engl J Med, 2017
- Ocrelizumab versus interferon beta-1a in relapsing multiple sclerosis N Engl J Med, 2017
- Cellular immunology of relapsing multiple sclerosis: interactions, checks, and balances Lancet Neurol, 2021
- Matching of oligoclonal immunoglobulin transcriptomes and proteomes of cerebrospinal fluid in multiple sclerosis Nat Med, 2008
- Subcutaneous ofatumumab in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: the MIRROR study Neurology, 2018
- Ofatumumab versus teriflunomide in multiple sclerosis N Engl J Med, 2020
- Distinct effector cytokine profiles of memory and naive human b cell subsets and implication in multiple sclerosis J Immunol, 2007
- Proinflammatory GM-CSF-producing b cells in multiple sclerosis and b cell depletion therapy Sci Transl Med, 2015
- Abnormal b-cell cytokine responses a trigger of T-cell-mediated disease in MS Ann Neurol, 2010
- Migration - a route to multiple sclerosis risk globalization Nat Rev Neurol, 2020
- Epidemiology and phenotypes of multiple sclerosis in the middle East north Africa (MENA) region Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin, 2020
- Multiple sclerosis in childhood: clinical features of 149 cases Mult Scler, 1997
- Pediatric multiple sclerosis Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep, 2004
- MRI And laboratory features and the performance of international criteria in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis in children and adolescents: a prospective cohort study Lancet Child Adolesc Health, 2018
- Socio-economic factors and immigrant population studies of multiple sclerosis Acta Neurol Scand, 2015
- MS risk in immigrants in the McDonald era: a population-based study in Ontario, Canada Neurology, 2019
- Gestational vitamin d and the risk of multiple sclerosis in offspring Ann Neurol, 2011
- Racial and ethnic differences in antibiotic use for viral illness in emergency departments Pediatrics, 2017
- Vitamin d status during pregnancy and risk of multiple sclerosis in offspring of women in the Finnish maternity cohort JAMA Neurol, 2016
- High risk of MS in Iranian immigrants in gothenburg, Sweden Mult Scler, 2010
- Maternal and perinatal exposures are associated with risk for pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis Pediatrics, 2017
- Cesarean section and offspring's risk of multiple sclerosis: a Danish nationwide cohort study Mult Scler, 2013
- Cesarean delivery may increase the risk of multiple sclerosis Mult Scler, 2012
- Month of birth as a latitude-dependent risk factor for multiple sclerosis in Norway Mult Scler, 2013
- Reply to comment: month of birth and risk of multiple sclerosis: confounding and adjustments Ann Clin Transl Neurol, 2014
- Confounding underlies the apparent month of birth effect in multiple sclerosis Ann Neurol, 2013
- Breastfeeding, ovulatory years, and risk of multiple sclerosis Neurology, 2017
- Menarche increases relapse risk in pediatric multiple sclerosis Mult Scler, 2016
- Anti-Epstein-Barr virus antibodies as serological markers of multiple sclerosis: a prospective study among united states military personnel Mult Scler, 2011
- Anti-inflammatory nutritional intervention in patients with relapsing-remitting and primary-progressive multiple sclerosis: a pilot study Exp Biol Med (Maywood), 2016
- The evidence for a beneficial role of vitamin a in multiple sclerosis CNS Drugs, 2014
- Prevention and treatment of MS: studying the effects of vitamin d Mult Scler, 2011
- Modulation of inflammatory and immune responses by vitamin d J Autoimmun, 2017
- 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibits IFN-gamma and IL-4 levels during in vitro polarization of primary murine CD4+ T cells J Immunol, 2002
- 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 suppresses proliferation and immunoglobulin production by normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells J Clin Invest, 1984
- Modulatory effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on human b cell differentiation J Immunol, 2007
- VDUP1 is required for the development of natural killer cells Immunity, 2005
- 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) mechanism of action: modulation of l-type calcium channels leading to calcium uptake and intermediate filament phosphorylation in cerebral cortex of young rats Biochim Biophys Acta, 2012
- 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 regulates NT-3, NT-4 but not BDNF mRNA in astrocytes Neuroreport, 1994
- Lifestyle and environmental factors in multiple sclerosis Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med, 2019
- Body mass index during adolescence, rather than childhood, is critical in determining MS risk Mult Scler, 2016
- Evidence for a causal relationship between low vitamin d, high BMI, and pediatric-onset MS Neurology, 2017
- Childhood obesity and risk of pediatric multiple sclerosis and clinically isolated syndrome Neurology, 2013
- Inflammation and insulin resistance J Clin Invest, 2006
- Obesity and multiple sclerosis-a multifaceted association J Clin Med, 2021
- Inflammation correlates with markers of T-cell subsets including regulatory T cells in adipose tissue from obese patients Obes (Silver Spring), 2011
- T-Cell profile in adipose tissue is associated with insulin resistance and systemic inflammation in humans Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2014
- Obesity drives Th17 cell differentiation by inducing the lipid metabolic kinase, ACC1 Cell Rep, 2015
- Visceral adipose inflammation in obesity is associated with critical alterations in tregulatory cell numbers PloS One, 2011
- Multiple sclerosis and obesity: the role of adipokines Front Immunol, 2022
- Pro-inflammatory adiponectin in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis Mult Scler, 2021
- Adiponectin profile at baseline is correlated to progression and severity of multiple sclerosis Eur J Neurol, 2019
- Correction to: adiponectin in cerebrospinal fluid from patients affected by multiple sclerosis is correlated with the progression and severity of disease Mol Neurobiol, 2021
- Elevated cerebrospinal fluid adiponectin and adipsin levels in patients with multiple sclerosis: a Finnish co-twin study Eur J Neurol, 2010
- Detection of adiponectin in cerebrospinal fluid in humans Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, 2007
- Evaluation of the relationship between leptin, resistin, adiponectin and natural regulatory T cells in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis Neurol Neurochir Pol, 2012
- Experimental and clinical studies on dysregulation of magnesium metabolism and the aetiopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis Magnes Res, 1992
- Current methods of magnetic resonance for noninvasive assessment of molecular aspects of pathoetiology in multiple sclerosis Int J Mol Sci, 2020
- Individual and Co-occurring SNAP risk factors: smoking, nutrition, alcohol consumption, and physical activity in people with multiple sclerosis Int J MS Care, 2016
- Review: mitochondria and disease progression in multiple sclerosis Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol, 2008
- Correction to: dietary interventions and multiple sclerosis Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep, 2017
- Western Lifestyle and immunopathology of multiple sclerosis Ann N Y Acad Sci, 2018
- High fat diet exacerbates neuroinflammation in an animal model of multiple sclerosis by activation of the renin angiotensin system J Neuroimmune Pharmacol, 2014
- A prospective study of serum levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids and effects on multiple sclerosis disease activity and progression Neurology, 2022
- Polyunsaturated fatty acids and the risk of multiple sclerosis Mult Scler, 2017
- Docosahexaenoic acid induces M2 macrophage polarization through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activation Life Sci, 2015
- Unsaturated fatty acids promote the phagocytosis of p. aeruginosa and r. equi by RAW264.7 macrophages Curr Microbiol, 2012
- Omega-3 fatty acids decrease oxidative stress and inflammation in macrophages from patients with small abdominal aortic aneurysm Sci Rep, 2019
- Proresolving lipid mediators resolvin D1, resolvin D2, and maresin 1 are critical in modulating T cell responses Sci Transl Med, 2016
- Serum lipid profiles are associated with disability and MRI outcomes in multiple sclerosis J Neuroinflamm, 2011
- An adverse lipid profile and increased levels of adiposity significantly predict clinical course after a first demyelinating event J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2017
- Saturated fatty acids activate TLR-mediated proinflammatory signaling pathways J Lipid Res, 2012
- TLR2 stimulation regulates the balance between regulatory T cell and Th17 function: a novel mechanism of reduced regulatory T cell function in multiple sclerosis J Immunol, 2015
- Toll-like receptor 4 signaling in T cells promotes autoimmune inflammation Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A., 2012
- Biological role of toll-like receptor-4 in the brain J Neuroimmunol, 2014
- The association of diet with quality of life, disability, and relapse rate in an international sample of people with multiple sclerosis Nutr Neurosci, 2015
- Contribution of dietary intake to relapse rate in early paediatric multiple sclerosis J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2018
- Diet quality is associated with disability and symptom severity in multiple sclerosis Neurology, 2018
- Sodium chloride drives autoimmune disease by the induction of pathogenic TH17 cells Nature, 2013
- Induction of pathogenic TH17 cells by inducible salt-sensing kinase SGK1 Nature, 2013
- Fecal microbiota transplantation is safe and tolerable in patients with multiple sclerosis: a pilot randomized controlled trial Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin, 2022
- Gut microbiome of multiple sclerosis patients and paired household healthy controls reveal associations with disease risk and course Cell, 2022
- Dietary non-fermentable fiber prevents autoimmune neurological disease by changing gut metabolic and immune status Sci Rep, 2018
- Recirculating intestinal IgA-producing cells regulate neuroinflammation via IL-10 Cell, 2019
- Gut microbiota-specific IgA(+) b cells traffic to the CNS in active multiple sclerosis Sci Immunol, 2020
- 2019 European league against Rheumatism/American college of rheumatology classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus Arthritis Rheumatol, 2019
- Derivation and validation of the systemic lupus international collaborating clinics classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus Arthritis Rheum, 2012
- Immunological pathogenesis and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus World J Pediatr, 2020
- Systemic lupus erythematosus N Engl J Med, 2011
- Pathogenesis of human systemic lupus erythematosus: a cellular perspective Trends Mol Med, 2017
- Germinal center exclusion of autoreactive b cells is defective in human systemic lupus erythematosus J Clin Invest, 2005
- Abnormal germinal center reactions in systemic lupus erythematosus demonstrated by blockade of CD154-CD40 interactions J Clin Invest, 2003
- A new population of cells lacking expression of CD27 represents a notable component of the b cell memory compartment in systemic lupus erythematosus J Immunol, 2007
- Pathogenesis of human systemic lupus erythematosus: recent advances Trends Mol Med, 2010
- CD19(+)CD24(hi)CD38(hi) b cells exhibit regulatory capacity in healthy individuals but are functionally impaired in systemic lupus erythematosus patients Immunity, 2010
- Therapeutic potential of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes in SLE Autoimmun Rev, 2009
- Immunoregulatory T cells in autoimmunity Autoimmun Rev, 2004
- New insights into the immunopathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus Nat Rev Rheumatol, 2016
- Analysis of trans-ancestral SLE risk loci identifies unique biologic networks and drug targets in African and European ancestries Am J Hum Genet, 2020
- Understanding the concept of pre-clinical autoimmunity: prediction and prevention of systemic lupus erythematosus: identifying risk factors and developing strategies against disease development Front Immunol, 2022
- Early disease onset is predicted by a higher genetic risk for lupus and is associated with a more severe phenotype in lupus patients Ann Rheum Dis, 2011
- Relationship between genetic risk and age of diagnosis in systemic lupus erythematosus J Rheumatol, 2021
- Familial aggregation of systemic lupus erythematosus and coaggregation of autoimmune diseases in affected families JAMA Intern Med, 2015
- Are prematurity and environmental factors determinants for developing childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus Mod Rheumatol, 2018
- An update on the management of childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus Paediatr Drugs, 2021
- Environmental exposures and the development of systemic lupus erythematosus Curr Opin Rheumatol, 2016
- Changes in the pattern of DNA methylation associate with twin discordance in systemic lupus erythematosus Genome Res, 2010
- Epigenetic alterations underlying autoimmune diseases Autoimmunity, 2016
- Environmental exposures, epigenetic changes and the risk of lupus Lupus, 2014
- Cigarette smoking and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis Arthritis Rheum, 2004
- Experimental reproduction of skin lesions in lupus erythematosus by UVA and UVB radiation J Am Acad Dermatol, 1990
- Epstein-Barr Virus and systemic lupus erythematosus Clin Dev Immunol, 2012
- Do selected drugs increase the risk of lupus? a matched case-control study Br J Clin Pharmacol, 2010
- REDD1/autophagy pathway promotes thromboinflammation and fibrosis in human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) through NETs decorated with tissue factor (TF) and interleukin-17A (IL-17A) Ann Rheum Dis, 2019
- Programmed cell death pathways in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus J Immunol Res, 2019
- Neutrophil extracellular traps that are not degraded in systemic lupus erythematosus activate complement exacerbating the disease J Immunol, 2012
- Loss-of-function variant in DNASE1L3 causes a familial form of systemic lupus erythematosus Nat Genet, 2011
- Complement genes contribute sex-biased vulnerability in diverse disorders Nature, 2020
- Environmental exposure, estrogen and two X chromosomes are required for disease development in an epigenetic model of lupus J Autoimmun, 2012
- Immunomodulatory effects of synthetic endocrine disrupting chemicals on the development and functions of human immune cells Environ Int, 2019
- Increased occurrence of autoimmune disease among women exposed in utero to diethylstilbestrol Fertil Steril, 1988
- Early life factors associated with adult-onset systemic lupus erythematosus in women Front Immunol, 2016
- Insecticide use and risk of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus in the women's health initiative observational study Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken), 2011
- Occupational risk factors for the development of systemic lupus erythematosus J Rheumatol, 2004
- Pesticides and human chronic diseases: evidences, mechanisms, and perspectives Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 2013
- Pesticides and oxidative stress: a review Med Sci Monit, 2004
- Systemic autoimmune disease mortality and occupational exposures Arthritis Rheum, 2007
- Vitamin d deficiency in systemic lupus erythematosus: prevalence, predictors and clinical consequences Rheumatol (Oxford), 2008
- Vitamin d deficiency in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus Osteoporos Int, 2009
- The implication of vitamin d and autoimmunity: a comprehensive review Clin Rev Allergy Immunol, 2013
- Vitamin d receptor gene BsmI polymorphism b allele, but not BB genotype, is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus in a han Chinese population Lupus, 2012
- No association of vitamin d receptor gene start codon fok 1 polymorphisms in Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus J Rheumatol, 2002
- The role of BsmI and FokI vitamin d receptor gene polymorphisms and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d in Brazilian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus Lupus, 2012
- Vitamin d prevents endothelial damage induced by increased neutrophil extracellular traps formation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus Acta Med Indones, 2014
- Restoration of regulatory and effector T cell balance and b cell homeostasis in systemic lupus erythematosus patients through vitamin d supplementation Arthritis Res Ther, 2012
- Nutritional status and food intake in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus Nutrition, 2012
- The impact of obesity on SLE disease activity: findings from the southern California lupus registry (SCOLR) Clin Rheumatol, 2019
- Separating the effects of childhood and adult body size on inflammatory arthritis: a mendelian randomisation study RMD Open, 2022
- Relationship of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption to incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus in a prospective cohort study of black women Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken), 2019
- Serum interleukin-23 in polish patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: association with lupus nephritis, obesity, and peripheral vascular disease Mediators Inflammation, 2017
- Obesity and cytokines in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus J Immunol Res, 2014
- Adiponectin in autoimmune diseases Curr Med Chem, 2012
- Serum adiponectin levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis J Clin Rheumatol, 2017
- Association of plasma soluble e-selectin and adiponectin with carotid plaque in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus Atherosclerosis, 2010
- Elevated adiponectin serum levels in women with systemic autoimmune diseases Mediators Inflammation, 2010
- Inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress measurements in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with or without metabolic syndrome Lupus, 2011
- Obesity is independently associated with worse patient-reported outcomes in women with systemic lupus erythematosus Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken), 2019
- Obesity increases the incidence of new-onset lupus nephritis and organ damage during follow-up in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus Lupus, 2020
- Relationship of excess weight with clinical activity and dietary intake deficiencies in systemic lupus erythematosus patients Nutrients, 2019
- Obesity in autoimmune diseases: not a passive bystander Autoimmun Rev, 2014
- Diet-induced dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota and the effects on immunity and disease Nutrients, 2012
- Lifestyle interventions and weight management in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a systematic literature review and metanalysis J Lifestyle Med, 2022
- Weight loss and improvements in fatigue in systemic lupus erythematosus: a controlled trial of a low glycaemic index diet versus a calorie restricted diet in patients treated with corticosteroids Lupus, 2012
- Regular tai chi chuan exercise enhances functional mobility and CD4CD25 regulatory T cells Br J Sports Med, 2006
- The anti-inflammatory effects of exercise: mechanisms and implications for the prevention and treatment of disease Nat Rev Immunol, 2011
- Sedentary behavior and adiposity-associated inflammation: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis Am J Prev Med, 2012
- Physical activity, sedentary behaviour and their associations with cardiovascular risk in systemic lupus erythematosus Rheumatol (Oxford), 2020
- Three year followup of bone mineral density change in premenopausal women with systemic lupus erythematosus J Rheumatol, 1999
- Exercise therapy in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and systemic lupus erythematosus - a systematic literature review Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol, 2020
- Novel paradigms in systemic lupus erythematosus Lancet, 2019
- Immunomodulatory effects of diet and nutrients in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): a systematic review Front Immunol, 2020
- Dietary intervention and health in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review of the evidence Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 2019
- Association of a combination of healthy lifestyle behaviors with reduced risk of incident systemic lupus erythematosus Arthritis Rheumatol, 2022
- Diet-quality scores and plasma concentrations of markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction Am J Clin Nutr, 2005
- Beneficial effect of Mediterranean diet on disease activity and cardiovascular risk in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a cross-sectional study Rheumatol (Oxford), 2021
- Nutrition and immune system: from the Mediterranean diet to dietary supplementary through the microbiota Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 2021
- The impact of dietary fiber on gut microbiota in host health and disease Cell Host Microbe, 2018
- The impact of Western diet and nutrients on the microbiota and immune response at mucosal interfaces Front Immunol, 2017
- Gut microbial metabolites fuel host antibody responses Cell Host Microbe, 2016
- Dietary patterns differently associate with inflammation and gut microbiota in overweight and obese subjects PloS One, 2014
- Intestinal dysbiosis is associated with altered short-chain fatty acids and serum-free fatty acids in systemic lupus erythematosus Front Immunol, 2017
- Antioxidants in vegan diet and rheumatic disorders Toxicology, 2000
- Effects of eating an uncooked vegetable diet for 1 week Appetite, 1992
- [The role of balanced low-protein diet in inhibition of predialysis chronic kidney disease progression in patients with systemic diseases] Ter Arkh, 2009
- Inadequate dietary intake of children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus J Pediatr (Rio J), 2009
- mTOR signaling in T cell immunity and autoimmunity Int Rev Immunol, 2015
- Mitochondrial hyperpolarization and ATP depletion in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus Arthritis Rheum, 2002
- Association between T lymphocyte sub-sets apoptosis and peripheral blood mononuclear cells oxidative stress in systemic lupus erythematosus Free Radic Res, 2011
- Healthy lifestyle habits for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a systemic review Semin Arthritis Rheum, 2016
- Comparative effects of n-3, n-6 and n-9 unsaturated fatty acid-rich diet consumption on lupus nephritis, autoantibody production and CD4+ T cell-related gene responses in the autoimmune NZBWF1 mouse PloS One, 2014
- Food uses and health effects of corn oil J Am Coll Nutr, 1990
- Dietary fish oil and the severity of symptoms in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus Ann Rheum Dis, 1991
- A randomised interventional trial of omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids on endothelial function and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus Ann Rheum Dis, 2008
- Seluang fish (Rasbora spp.) oil decreases inflammatory cytokines via increasing vitamin d level in systemic lupus erythematosus Open Access Maced J Med Sci, 2019
- Placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial of fish oil's impact on fatigue, quality of life, and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus Nutr J, 2015
- The phenolic fraction of extra virgin olive oil modulates the activation and the inflammatory response of T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and healthy donors Mol Nutr Food Res, 2017
- Lycopene reduces mortality in people with systemic lupus erythematosus: a pilot study based on the third national health and nutrition examination survey J Dermatolog Treat, 2016
- Apigenin, a dietary flavonoid, sensitizes human T cells for activation-induced cell death by inhibiting PKB/Akt and NF-kappaB activation pathway Immunol Lett, 2008
- Effects of vitamins c and e on oxidative stress markers and endothelial function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a double blind, placebo controlled pilot study J Rheumatol, 2005
- Serum concentrations of alpha tocopherol, beta carotene, and retinol preceding the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus Ann Rheum Dis, 1997
- Diet and systemic lupus erythematosus: a 4 year prospective study of Japanese patients J Rheumatol, 2003
- Serum cobalamin and transcobalamin levels in systemic lupus erythematosus Am J Med, 1990
- Nutritional aspects and possible pathological mechanisms of hyperhomocysteinaemia: an independent risk factor for vascular disease Proc Nutr Soc, 2000
- Effects of folic acid and combinations of folic acid and vitamin b-12 on plasma homocysteine concentrations in healthy, young women Am J Clin Nutr, 1998
- Selected vitamins and trace elements support immune function by strengthening epithelial barriers and cellular and humoral immune responses Br J Nutr, 2007
- Serum total homocysteine concentrations in the third national health and nutrition examination survey (1991-1994): population reference ranges and contribution of vitamin status to high serum concentrations Ann Intern Med, 1999
- Dietary micronutrient intake and atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus Lupus, 2016
- Retinoic acid and immune homeostasis: a balancing act Trends Immunol, 2017
- Vitamin a deficiency alters splenic dendritic cell subsets and increases CD8(+)Gr-1(+) memory T lymphocytes in C57BL/6J mice Cell Immunol, 2010
- Role of vitamin a in the immune system J Clin Med, 2018
- Reciprocal TH17 and regulatory T cell differentiation mediated by retinoic acid Science, 2007
- Vitamin a improve Th17 and treg regulation in systemic lupus erythematosus Clin Rheumatol, 2016
- Dysregulated balance of Th17 and Th1 cells in systemic lupus erythematosus Arthritis Res Ther, 2010
- Effector T-cell subsets in systemic lupus erythematosus: update focusing on Th17 cells Curr Opin Rheumatol, 2011
- The role of dietary sodium intake on the modulation of T helper 17 cells and regulatory T cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus PloS One, 2017
- Dietary sodium, potassium, and sodium to potassium ratio in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus Biol Res Nurs, 2022
- Intestinal dysbiosis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus mBio, 2014
- Translocation of a gut pathobiont drives autoimmunity in mice and humans Science, 2018
- Nature of T cell epitopes in lupus antigens and HLA-DR determines autoantibody initiation and diversification Ann Rheum Dis, 2019
- Gut microbiota dysbiosis and altered tryptophan catabolism contribute to autoimmunity in lupus-susceptible mice Sci Transl Med, 2020
- Portrait of an immunoregulatory bifidobacterium Gut Microbes, 2012
- Adaptive immune education by gut microbiota antigens Immunology, 2018
- Molecular mimicry and auto-immunity Clin Rev Allergy Immunol, 2007
- The role of bacterial DNA in autoantibody induction Curr Top Microbiol Immunol, 2000
- Anti-DNA meets NMDA in neuropsychiatric lupus Nat Med, 2001
- Gut microbiota in systemic lupus erythematosus and correlation with diet and clinical manifestations Front Med (Lausanne), 2022
- Phytonutrient diet supplementation promotes beneficial clostridia species and intestinal mucus secretion resulting in protection against enteric infection Sci Rep, 2015
- A diet-sensitive commensal lactobacillus strain mediates TLR7-dependent systemic autoimmunity Cell Host Microbe, 2019
- Amelioration of regulatory T cells by lactobacillus delbrueckii and lactobacillus rhamnosus in pristane-induced lupus mice model J Cell Physiol, 2019
- Control of lupus nephritis by changes of gut microbiota Microbiome, 2017
- Alopecia areata: a review of disease pathogenesis Br J Dermatol, 2018
- The hair follicle and immune privilege J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc, 2003
- Alopecia areata update: part II. treatment J Am Acad Dermatol, 2010
- Alopecia areata: an update on etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, and management Clin Rev Allergy Immunol, 2021
- Alopecia areata Nat Rev Dis Primers, 2017
- Functional interpretation of genome-wide association study evidence in alopecia areata J Invest Dermatol, 2016
- Hair follicle immune privilege and its collapse in alopecia areata Exp Dermatol, 2020
- Increased blood levels of NKG2D(+)CD4(+) T cells in patients with alopecia areata J Am Acad Dermatol, 2017
- Transcriptional profiling in alopecia areata defines immune and cell cycle control related genes within disease-specific signatures Genomics, 2010
- CXCR3 blockade inhibits T cell migration into the skin and prevents development of alopecia areata J Immunol, 2016
- Direct immunofluorescence studies in alopecia areata and male pattern alopecia J Invest Dermatol, 1979
- Characterization of hair follicle antigens targeted by the anti-hair follicle immune response J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc, 2003
- Is alopecia areata an autoimmune-response against melanogenesis-related proteins, exposed by abnormal MHC class I expression in the anagen hair bulb Yale J Biol Med, 1993
- Treatment of pediatric alopecia areata: a systematic review J Am Acad Dermatol, 2022
- Alopecia areata. an evaluation of 736 patients Arch Dermatol, 1963
- Epidemiology and burden of alopecia areata: a systematic review Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol, 2015
- Advances in the management of alopecia areata J Dermatol, 2012
- Alopecia areata N Engl J Med, 2012
- T-Helper and regulatory T-cell cytokines in the peripheral blood of patients with active alopecia areata Br J Dermatol, 2013
- Alopecia areata profiling shows TH1, TH2, and IL-23 cytokine activation without parallel TH17/TH22 skewing J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2015
- Oxidatively modified autoantigens in autoimmune diseases Free Radic Biol Med, 2006
- Morphological analysis of hair follicles in alopecia areata Microsc Res Tech, 1997
- Investigation of oxidative stress in patients with alopecia areata and its relationship with disease severity, duration, recurrence and pattern Clin Exp Dermatol, 2015
- Does oxidative stress correlate with disease activity and severity in alopecia areata? an analytical study J Cosmet Dermatol, 2022
- Oxidative stress biomarkers and adenosine deaminase over the alopecic area of the patients with alopecia areata Balkan Med J, 2016
- Oxidative stress in alopecia areata: a systematic review and meta-analysis Int J Dermatol, 2020
- Reversible alopecia associated with high blood mercury levels and early menopause: a report of two cases Menopause, 2019
- Alopecia areata and toxic metals Skin Appendage Disord, 2020
- Big data reveal insights into alopecia areata comorbidities J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc, 2018
- [Clinical case of a combination of ulcerative colitis and alopecia areata] Eksp Klin Gastroenterol, 2013
- Analysis of the gut microbiota in alopecia areata: identification of bacterial biomarkers J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol, 2020
- Hair growth in two alopecia patients after fecal microbiota transplant ACG Case Rep J, 2017
- Alopecia areata as a model for T cell-dependent autoimmune diseases Exp Dermatol, 2012
- Lack of the vitamin d receptor is associated with reduced epidermal differentiation and hair follicle growth J Invest Dermatol, 2002
- The vitamin d receptor and the syndrome of hereditary 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d-resistant rickets Endocr Rev, 1999
- A familial syndrome of decrease in sensitivity to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 1978
- Topical calcipotriol therapy for mild-to-Moderate alopecia areata: a retrospective study J Drugs Dermatol, 2015
- Vitamin d receptor gene polymorphism in chronic telogen effluvium; a case-control study Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol, 2019
- Vitamin d deficiency in alopecia areata Br J Dermatol, 2014
- An investigation of vitamin d status in alopecia areata Clin Exp Med, 2018
- Obesity accelerates hair thinning by stem cell-centric converging mechanisms Nature, 2021
- Coeliac disease and alopecia areata in childhood J Paediatr Child Health, 2003
- Alopecia and coeliac disease: report of two patients showing response to gluten-free diet Clin Exp Dermatol, 1998
- Dietary protein deficit and deregulated autophagy: a new clinico-diagnostic perspective in pathogenesis of early aging, skin, and hair disorders Indian Dermatol Online J, 2019
- Hair growth and alopecia in hypothyroidism Arch Dermatol, 1972
- The role of micronutrients in alopecia areata: a review Am J Clin Dermatol, 2017
- Dietary soy oil content and soy-derived phytoestrogen genistein increase resistance to alopecia areata onset in C3H/HeJ mice Exp Dermatol, 2003
- Alopecia areata: a multifactorial autoimmune condition J Autoimmun, 2019
- Administration of capsaicin and isoflavone promotes hair growth by increasing insulin-like growth factor-I production in mice and in humans with alopecia Growth Horm IGF Res, 2007
- Soyfoods, soybean isoflavones, and bone health: a brief overview J Ren Nutr, 2000
- Oxidative stress and alopecia areata J Med Life, 2015
- Decreased serum ferritin is associated with alopecia in women J Invest Dermatol, 2003
- Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T mutation in patients with alopecia areata in Turkish population Gene, 2013
- The variant methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase c.1298A>C (p.E429A) is associated with multiple sclerosis in a German case-control study Neurosci Lett, 2010
- MTHFR polymorphisms (rs1801133) and systemic lupus erythematosus risk: a meta-analysis Med (Baltimore), 2020
- Hair changes due to zinc deficiency in a case of sucrose malabsorption Acta Derm Venereol, 1981
- The diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency and its potential relationship to hair loss J Am Acad Dermatol, 2006
- Does tissue iron status have a role in female alopecia J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol, 1999
- A study of the tissue iron status of patients with alopecia areata Br J Dermatol, 1994
- The importance of adequate serum ferritin levels during oral cyproterone acetate and ethinyl oestradiol treatment of diffuse androgen-dependent alopecia in women Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 1992
- Vitamin a as a regulator of antigen presenting cells J Nutr, 2010
- Intracellular signaling by 14-hydroxy-4,14-retro-retinol Science, 1991
- Retinoids regulate survival and antigen presentation by immature dendritic cells J Exp Med, 2003
- Vitamin a is a key regulator for cell growth, cytokine production, and differentiation in normal b cells J Biol Chem, 1992
- Antioxidants and lipid peroxidation status in the blood of patients with alopecia Cell Biochem Funct, 2000
- Retinol esterification by DGAT1 is essential for retinoid homeostasis in murine skin J Biol Chem, 2009
- Endogenous retinoids in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata J Invest Dermatol, 2013
- Understanding the gut microbiota in pediatric patients with alopecia areata and their siblings: a pilot study JID Innov, 2021
- Alopecia areata and the gut-the link opens up for novel therapeutic interventions Expert Opin Ther Targets, 2018
- Changes in intestinal tight junction permeability associated with industrial food additives explain the rising incidence of autoimmune disease Autoimmun Rev, 2015
- Chronic exposure to a trichloroethylene metabolite in autoimmune-prone MRL+/+ mice promotes immune modulation and alopecia Toxicol Sci, 2007
- Ultra-processed food consumption and exposure to phthalates and bisphenols in the US national health and nutrition examination survey, 2013-2014 Environ Int, 2019
- Genome-wide association meta-analysis in Chinese and European individuals identifies ten new loci associated with systemic lupus erythematosus Nat Genet, 2016
- Identification of 38 novel loci for systemic lupus erythematosus and genetic heterogeneity between ancestral groups Nat Commun, 2021
- Progressive ventricular enlargement in patients with clinically isolated syndromes is associated with the early development of multiple sclerosis J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2002
- Risk factors for ANA positivity in healthy persons Arthritis Res Ther, 2011
- Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of antinuclear antibodies in the united states Arthritis Rheum, 2012
- Familial implications of autoimmune disease: recurrence risks of alopecia areata and associated conditions in first-degree relatives J Genet Couns, 2020
- Genetic factors predisposing to systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis Semin Nephrol, 2010
- Association between immediate initiation of intramuscular interferon beta-1a at the time of a clinically isolated syndrome and long-term outcomes: a 10-year follow-up of the controlled high-risk avonex multiple sclerosis prevention study in ongoing neurological surveillance Arch Neurol, 2012
- Integration of genetic risk factors into a clinical algorithm for multiple sclerosis susceptibility: a weighted genetic risk score Lancet Neurol, 2009
- Assessment of early evidence of multiple sclerosis in a prospective study of asymptomatic high-risk family members JAMA Neurol, 2017
- Genes and environment in multiple sclerosis project: a platform to investigate multiple sclerosis risk Ann Neurol, 2016
- Newborn screening for HLA markers associated with IDDM: diabetes autoimmunity study in the young (DAISY) Diabetologia, 1996
- Screening characteristics for enrichment of individuals at higher risk for transitioning to classified SLE Lupus, 2019
- Risk prediction models for incident systemic lupus erythematosus among women in the nurses' health study cohorts using genetics, family history, and lifestyle and environmental factors Semin Arthritis Rheum, 2023
- Discerning risk of disease transition in relatives of systemic lupus erythematosus patients utilizing soluble mediators and clinical features Arthritis Rheumatol, 2017
- Interactions between genome-wide genetic factors and smoking influencing risk of systemic lupus erythematosus Arthritis Rheumatol, 2020
- Vitamin d and marine omega 3 fatty acid supplementation and incident autoimmune disease: VITAL randomized controlled trial BMJ, 2022
- Vitamin d as an early predictor of multiple sclerosis activity and progression JAMA Neurol, 2014
- Vitamin d supplementation in multiple sclerosis: a critical analysis of potentials and threats Nutrients, 2020
- Vitamin d supplementation in adolescents and young adults with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus for improvement in disease activity and fatigue scores: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken), 2016
- Vitamin d supplementation and disease activity in patients with immune-mediated rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis Med (Baltimore), 2017
- Fatigue, muscle strength and vitamin d status in women with systemic lupus erythematosus compared with healthy controls Lupus, 2012
- Changes in vitamin d levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: effects on fatigue, disease activity, and damage Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken), 2010
- Real-world data on vitamin d supplementation and its impacts in systemic lupus erythematosus: cross-sectional analysis of a lupus registry of nationwide institutions (LUNA) PloS One, 2022
- Vitamin d supplementation in systemic lupus erythematosus: relationship to disease activity, fatigue and the interferon signature gene expression BMC Rheumatol, 2021
- Effects of vitamin d on systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity and autoimmunity: a systematic review and meta-analysis Cureus, 2022
- Comparative study of efficacy of topical mometasone with calcipotriol versus mometasone alone in the treatment of alopecia areata Int J Trichology, 2019
- Efficacy and safety of topical calcipotriol 0.005% versus topical clobetasol 0.05% in the management of alopecia areata: an intrasubject pilot study Dermatol Ther (Heidelb), 2020
- Efficacy and safety of topical calcipotriol in management of alopecia areata: a pilot study Dermatol Ther, 2017
- Polyunsaturated fatty acids and their potential therapeutic role in multiple sclerosis Nat Clin Pract Neurol, 2009
- The efficacy of vitamin e against oxidative damage and autoantibody production in systemic lupus erythematosus: a preliminary study Clin Rheumatol, 2007
- Abd-Allah fooda , samia El-dardiry , ayman wagih, omnia el-deeb, effect of nigella sativa and vitamin e on some oxidative / nitrosative biomarkers in systemic lupus erythematosus patients Life Sci J, 2015
- Vitamin e administration erases an enhanced oxidation in multiple sclerosis Can J Physiol Pharmacol, 2018
- Successful treatment with retinoids in patients with lupus nephritis Am J Kidney Dis, 2010
- Effect of vitamin a treatment on the immune reactivity of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus J Clin Lab Immunol, 1988
- Effect of vitamin a supplementation on fatigue and depression in multiple sclerosis patients: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol, 2016
- Retinyl palmitate supplementation modulates T-bet and interferon gamma gene expression in multiple sclerosis patients J Mol Neurosci, 2016
- Phase I/II randomized bilateral half-head comparison of topical bexarotene 1% gel for alopecia areata J Am Acad Dermatol, 2009
- High dose thiamine improves fatigue in multiple sclerosis BMJ Case Rep, 2013
- Safety and efficacy of MD1003 (high-dose biotin) in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis (SPI2): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial Lancet Neurol, 2020
- Zinc aspartate, biotin, and clobetasol propionate in the treatment of alopecia areata in childhood Pediatr Dermatol, 1999
- Zinc sulphate: a reasonable choice for depression management in patients with multiple sclerosis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial Pharmacol Rep, 2015
- Combination therapy with zinc gluconate and PUVA for alopecia areata totalis: an adjunctive but crucial role of zinc supplementation Dermatol Ther, 2015
- The therapeutic effect and the changed serum zinc level after zinc supplementation in alopecia areata patients who had a low serum zinc level Ann Dermatol, 2009
- Oral zinc sulphate in alopacia areata-a double blind trial Br J Dermatol, 1981
- Diet and lupus Lupus, 2001
- Glutathione and glutathione analogues; therapeutic potentials Biochim Biophys Acta, 2013
- N-acetylcysteine reduces disease activity by blocking mammalian target of rapamycin in T cells from systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Arthritis Rheum, 2012
- Deficient CD4+CD25high T regulatory cell function in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus J Immunol, 2007
- Quantification of regulatory T cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus J Autoimmun, 2003
- Comprehensive metabolome analyses reveal n-acetylcysteine-responsive accumulation of kynurenine in systemic lupus erythematosus: implications for activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin Metabolomics, 2015
- Early-stage lupus nephritis treated with n-acetylcysteine: a report of two cases Exp Ther Med, 2015
- N-acetyl cysteine as a neuroprotective agent in progressive multiple sclerosis (NACPMS) trial: study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled add-on phase 2 trial Contemp Clin Trials, 2022
- N-acetyl cysteine administration affects cerebral blood flow as measured by arterial spin labeling MRI in patients with multiple sclerosis Heliyon, 2021
- Glutathione in multiple sclerosis: more than just an antioxidant Mult Scler, 2014
- Onion juice (Allium cepa l.), a new topical treatment for alopecia areata J Dermatol, 2002
- Allium vegetables and organosulfur compounds: do they help prevent cancer Environ Health Perspect, 2001
- Consumption of Brussels sprouts results in elevated alpha-class glutathione s-transferase levels in human blood plasma Carcinogenesis, 1994
- Glutathione s-transferase polymorphisms, cruciferous vegetable intake and cancer risk in the central and Eastern European kidney cancer study Carcinogenesis, 2007
- Broccoli sprouts reduce oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes: a randomized double-blind clinical trial Eur J Clin Nutr, 2011
- "Curcumin, the king of spices": epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in the prevention of cancer, neurological, and inflammatory diseases Curr Pharmacol Rep, 2015
- Treatment of low doses curcumin could modulate Th17/Treg balance specifically on CD4+ T cell cultures of systemic lupus erythematosus patients Cent Eur J Immunol, 2015
- Oral supplementation of turmeric decreases proteinuria, hematuria, and systolic blood pressure in patients suffering from relapsing or refractory lupus nephritis: a randomized and placebo-controlled study J Ren Nutr, 2012
- Nanocurcumin is a potential novel therapy for multiple sclerosis by influencing inflammatory mediators Pharmacol Rep, 2018
- Changes in Th17 cells function after nanocurcumin use to treat multiple sclerosis Int Immunopharmacol, 2018
- Nanocurcumin improves regulatory T-cell frequency and function in patients with multiple sclerosis J Neuroimmunol, 2019
- Efficacy of a mixed preparation containing piperine, capsaicin and curcumin in the treatment of alopecia areata J Cosmet Dermatol, 2022
- Nutritional control of reproductive status in honeybees via DNA methylation Science, 2008
- Effects of royal jelly supplementation on regulatory T cells in children with SLE Food Nutr Res, 2016
- Dietary interventions for multiple sclerosis Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2012
- Food synergy: an operational concept for understanding nutrition Am J Clin Nutr, 2009
- Randomized control trial evaluation of a modified paleolithic dietary intervention in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a pilot study Degener Neurol Neuromuscul Dis, 2017
- Untitled Mediterranean Vs. high-Fermented-Food diet adherence on inflammation and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus, 2022
- Combined diet and supplementation therapy resolves alopecia areata in a paediatric patient: a case study Cureus, 2020
- Genes and diet in the prevention of chronic diseases in future generations Int J Mol Sci, 2020
- The DNA methylation signature of human TCRalphabeta+CD4-CD8- double negative T cells reveals CG demethylation and a unique epigenetic architecture permissive to a broad stimulatory immune response Clin Immunol, 2015
- Epigenetic regulation of Foxp3 expression in regulatory T cells by DNA methylation J Immunol, 2009
- Abnormal epigenetic modifications in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with alopecia areata Br J Dermatol, 2012
- Specific hypomethylation programs underpin b cell activation in early multiple sclerosis Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A., 2021
- Proximal and distal effects of genetic susceptibility to multiple sclerosis on the T cell epigenome Nat Commun, 2021
- Oxidative stress and dietary micronutrient deficiencies contribute to overexpression of epigenetically regulated genes by lupus T cells Clin Immunol, 2018
- Metabolic disturbances associated with systemic lupus erythematosus PloS One, 2012
- Changes in methionine metabolism and histone H3 trimethylation are linked to mitochondrial defects in multiple sclerosis J Neurosci, 2015
- Dysregulation of methionine metabolism in multiple sclerosis Neurochem Int, 2018
- LC-MS/MS identification of the one-carbon cycle metabolites in human plasma Electrophoresis, 2013
- Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome Nature, 2014
- Longitudinal analysis reveals high prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus associated with multiple sclerosis Science, 2022
- Role of "Western diet" in inflammatory autoimmune diseases Curr Allergy Asthma Rep, 2014
- ImmVar project: insights and design considerations for future studies of "healthy" immune variation Semin Immunol, 2015
Used In Evidence Reviews
Similar Papers
Archives of internal medicine · 2009
Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and upper respiratory tract infection in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
975 citations
Open Access
Journal of autoimmunity · 2019
Systemic lupus erythematosus: Diagnosis and clinical management.
604 citations
Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research · 2011
Vitamin D and the immune system.
563 citations
Open Access
Archives of disease in childhood · 2021
Why is COVID-19 less severe in children? A review of the proposed mechanisms underlying the age-related difference in severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections.
449 citations
Open Access
Gastroenterology · 2010
Primary prevention of colorectal cancer.
390 citations
Open Access
Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2020
Osteosarcopenia: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment-facts and numbers.
365 citations
Open Access