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Figure 4. Astaxanthin inhibits glucose/glucose oxidase (G/GO)−induced decrease in Ku70/80 levels in whole-cell extracts and nuclear extracts in AGS cells. The cells were (A) treated with G/GO for the indicated time periods or (B) pre−treated with the indi
Figure 13. Figure 4. Astaxanthin inhibits glucose/glucose oxidase (G/GO)−induced decrease in Ku70/80 levels in whole-cell extracts and nuclear extracts in AGS cells. The cells were (A) treated with G/GO for the indicated time periods or (B) pre−treated with the indicated concentrations of astaxanthin for 3 h, followed by stimulation with G/GO for 8 h. (A,B) Ku70 and 80 protein levels in the whole cell and nuclear extracts were determined by Western blot analysis using actin and lamin B1 as the loading control and nuclear marker, respectively (left panel). The densitometry data represent mean ± standard error (SE) from three immunoblots and are shown as the relative density of the actin or lamin B1 protein bands (right panel). * p < 0.05 vs. untreated cells (AST− and G/GO−). + p < 0.05 vs. control cells (AST− and G/GO+: cells without astaxanthin treatment in the presence of G/GO). AST, astaxanthin.

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Astaxanthin inhibits glucose/glucose oxidase (G/GO)−induced decrease in Ku70/80 levels in whole-cell extracts and nuclear extracts in AGS cells. The cells were (A) treated with G/GO for the indicated time periods or (B) pre−treated with the indicated concentrations of astaxanthin for 3 h, followed by stimulation with G/GO for 8 h.

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![Figure 13: Astaxanthin inhibits glucose/glucose oxidase (G/GO)−induced decrease in Ku70/80 levels in whole-cell extracts and nuclear extracts in AGS cells. The cells were (A) treated with G/GO for the indicated time periods or (B) pre−treated with the indicated concentrations of astaxanthin for 3 h, followed by stimulation with G/GO for 8 h.](https://pdfs.citedhealth.com/figures/36235593/182.png)

> Source: Jaeeun Lee et al. "Astaxanthin Inhibits Oxidative Stress-Induced Ku Protein Degradation and Apoptos." *Nutrients*, 2022. PMID: [36235593](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36235593/)
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  <img src="https://pdfs.citedhealth.com/figures/36235593/182.png" alt="Astaxanthin inhibits glucose/glucose oxidase (G/GO)−induced decrease in Ku70/80 levels in whole-cell extracts and nuclear extracts in AGS cells. The cells were (A) treated with G/GO for the indicated time periods or (B) pre−treated with the indicated concentrations of astaxanthin for 3 h, followed by stimulation with G/GO for 8 h." />
  <figcaption>Figure 13. Astaxanthin inhibits glucose/glucose oxidase (G/GO)−induced decrease in Ku70/80 levels in whole-cell extracts and nuclear extracts in AGS cells. The cells were (A) treated with G/GO for the indicated time periods or (B) pre−treated with the indicated concentrations of astaxanthin for 3 h, followed by stimulation with G/GO for 8 h.<br>  Source: Jaeeun Lee et al. "Astaxanthin Inhibits Oxidative Stress-Induced Ku Protein Degradation and Apoptos." <em>Nutrients</em>, 2022. PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36235593/">36235593</a></figcaption>
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