**Figure 1.** Figure 2 Impact of the elderberry extract on propagation of IV. A) Focus size reduction assay. MDCK cells were infected with the two virus strains as indicated and incubated for 48 h in the presence of the extract (1:100). Foci were detected by immunochemistry. B) Pre-treated MDCK cells were infected with pre-treated virus and were propagated for 48 h in the presence of the extract. As control untreated virus and cells were used for infection. The mean titre of three independent experiments is given as percentage of the control (black) set to 100%. Standard deviation is indicated (KAN-1: p < 0.07, Mass: p < 0.03).

Description

Standardized elderberry (Sambucus nigra) extract was tested against influenza virus propagation using a focus size reduction assay. MDCK cells infected with two influenza strains and incubated with the extract (1:100 dilution) showed reduced viral foci, indicating dose-dependent antiviral activity.

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Source Paper

Inhibitory activity of a standardized elderberry liquid extract against clinically-relevant human respiratory bacterial pathogens and influenza A and B viruses.

BMC complementary and alternative medicine (2011)

PMID: 21352539

DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-11-16

Cite This Figure

![Figure 1: Standardized elderberry (Sambucus nigra) extract was tested against influenza virus propagation using a focus size reduction assay. MDCK cells infected with two influenza strains and incubated with the extract (1:100 dilution) showed reduced viral foci, indicating dose-dependent antiviral activity.](https://pdfs.citedhealth.com/figures/21352539/101.png)

> Source: Christian Krawitz et al. "Inhibitory activity of a standardized elderberry liquid extract against clinical." *BMC complementary and alternative medicine*, 2011. PMID: [21352539](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21352539/)

<figure>
  <img src="https://pdfs.citedhealth.com/figures/21352539/101.png" alt="Standardized elderberry (Sambucus nigra) extract was tested against influenza virus propagation using a focus size reduction assay. MDCK cells infected with two influenza strains and incubated with the extract (1:100 dilution) showed reduced viral foci, indicating dose-dependent antiviral activity." />
  <figcaption>Figure 1. Standardized elderberry (Sambucus nigra) extract was tested against influenza virus propagation using a focus size reduction assay. MDCK cells infected with two influenza strains and incubated with the extract (1:100 dilution) showed reduced viral foci, indicating dose-dependent antiviral activity.<br>  Source: Christian Krawitz et al. "Inhibitory activity of a standardized elderberry liquid extract against clinical." <em>BMC complementary and alternative medicine</em>, 2011. PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21352539/">21352539</a></figcaption>
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Related Evidence

Elderberry for Influenza

Grade B · 5 studies