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Figure 2 Systemic aging and heart failure (HF). Systemic aging fuels HF, with cardiac, vascular, metabolic and inflammaging as major contributors. HF-associated molecular mechanisms—cardiac, vascular, metabolic and inflammaging—are summarized along with obs
Figure 2. Figure 2 Systemic aging and heart failure (HF). Systemic aging fuels HF, with cardiac, vascular, metabolic and inflammaging as major contributors. HF-associated molecular mechanisms—cardiac, vascular, metabolic and inflammaging—are summarized along with observed phenotypes. ATP, adenosinetriphosphate; CHIP,clonalhaematopoiesis of indeterminate potential; IR, insulin resistance; IRS, insulin receptor substrate; NO, nitric oxide; RAAS, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; TMAO, trimethylamine N-oxide; ↑, up-regulated; ↓, down-regulated.

Deskripsi

Systemic aging pathways fueling heart failure, summarizing cardiac, vascular, metabolic, and inflammaging mechanisms alongside their associated molecular changes and clinical phenotypes.

More Figures from This Paper

Comprehensive diagram of cardiac aging mechanisms leading to heart failure, depicting how genomic, epigenetic, oxidative, autophagic, and inflammatory stresses drive structural changes including left ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis.

Figure 1

Comprehensive diagram of cardiac aging mechanisms leading to heart failure, depicting how genomic, epigenetic, oxidative, autophagic, and inflammatory stresses drive structural changes including left ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis.

diagram
Molecular mechanisms or therapeutic targets related to age-associated heart failure, covering topics such as senescent cell accumulation, RAAS dysregulation, and potential anti-aging interventions.

Figure 3

Molecular mechanisms or therapeutic targets related to age-associated heart failure, covering topics such as senescent cell accumulation, RAAS dysregulation, and potential anti-aging interventions.

diagram
Molecular mechanisms or therapeutic targets related to age-associated heart failure, covering topics such as senescent cell accumulation, RAAS dysregulation, and potential anti-aging interventions.

Figure 4

Molecular mechanisms or therapeutic targets related to age-associated heart failure, covering topics such as senescent cell accumulation, RAAS dysregulation, and potential anti-aging interventions.

diagram

Figure 2

Diagram
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Source Paper

Systemic aging fuels heart failure: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic avenues.

ESC heart failure (2025)

PMID: 39034866

DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14947

Cite This Figure

![Figure 2: Systemic aging pathways fueling heart failure, summarizing cardiac, vascular, metabolic, and inflammaging mechanisms alongside their associated molecular changes and clinical phenotypes.](https://pdfs.citedhealth.com/figures/39034866/162.png)

> Source: Zhuyubing Fang et al. "Systemic aging fuels heart failure: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic avenues." *ESC heart failure*, 2025. PMID: [39034866](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39034866/)
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  <img src="https://pdfs.citedhealth.com/figures/39034866/162.png" alt="Systemic aging pathways fueling heart failure, summarizing cardiac, vascular, metabolic, and inflammaging mechanisms alongside their associated molecular changes and clinical phenotypes." />
  <figcaption>Figure 2. Systemic aging pathways fueling heart failure, summarizing cardiac, vascular, metabolic, and inflammaging mechanisms alongside their associated molecular changes and clinical phenotypes.<br>  Source: Zhuyubing Fang et al. "Systemic aging fuels heart failure: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic avenues." <em>ESC heart failure</em>, 2025. PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39034866/">39034866</a></figcaption>
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