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Figure 1.Figure 1.Transmembrane orientation of astaxanthin [Transmembrane orientation of astaxanthin [1,9]. 1,9].
Figure 5. Figure 1.Figure 1.Transmembrane orientation of astaxanthin [Transmembrane orientation of astaxanthin [1,9]. 1,9].

描述

Astaxanthin's transmembrane orientation is unique among carotenoids, spanning the entire lipid bilayer with its polar end groups anchored at both membrane surfaces. This positioning enables superior antioxidant protection of membrane lipids.

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Macrophages play a central role in atherosclerosis development through uptake of oxidized LDL, foam cell formation, and secretion of inflammatory mediators. Astaxanthin may interrupt this process by reducing LDL oxidation and modulating macrophage activity.

Figure 6

Macrophages play a central role in atherosclerosis development through uptake of oxidized LDL, foam cell formation, and secretion of inflammatory mediators. Astaxanthin may interrupt this process by reducing LDL oxidation and modulating macrophage activity.

diagram

Figure 5

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Source Paper

Potential Anti-Atherosclerotic Properties of Astaxanthin.

Marine drugs (2016)

PMID: 26861359

DOI: 10.3390/md14020035

Cite This Figure

![Figure 5: Astaxanthin's transmembrane orientation is unique among carotenoids, spanning the entire lipid bilayer with its polar end groups anchored at both membrane surfaces. This positioning enables superior antioxidant protection of membrane lipids.](https://pdfs.citedhealth.com/figures/26861359/55.png)

> Source: Yoshimi Kishimoto et al. "Potential Anti-Atherosclerotic Properties of Astaxanthin.." *Marine drugs*, 2016. PMID: [26861359](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26861359/)
<figure>
  <img src="https://pdfs.citedhealth.com/figures/26861359/55.png" alt="Astaxanthin's transmembrane orientation is unique among carotenoids, spanning the entire lipid bilayer with its polar end groups anchored at both membrane surfaces. This positioning enables superior antioxidant protection of membrane lipids." />
  <figcaption>Figure 5. Astaxanthin's transmembrane orientation is unique among carotenoids, spanning the entire lipid bilayer with its polar end groups anchored at both membrane surfaces. This positioning enables superior antioxidant protection of membrane lipids.<br>  Source: Yoshimi Kishimoto et al. "Potential Anti-Atherosclerotic Properties of Astaxanthin.." <em>Marine drugs</em>, 2016. PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26861359/">26861359</a></figcaption>
</figure>

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