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Fig. 1. The underlying mechanism of depression. Brain insulin resistance develops due to the failure of brain cells to respond to insulin activity. The hippocampus, hypothalamus, and cortex regions of the central nervous system regulate insulin levels in
Figure 3. Fig. 1. The underlying mechanism of depression. Brain insulin resistance develops due to the failure of brain cells to respond to insulin activity. The hippocampus, hypothalamus, and cortex regions of the central nervous system regulate insulin levels in the brain. The factors that relate to brain insulin resistance and severe depression include the HPA stress axis, reduced volume of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC), hippocampal gray matter, and the brain’s reward system-Created with BioRender.com.

描述

Brain insulin resistance mechanisms underlying depression are depicted, showing how HPA axis dysregulation, reduced anterior cingulate cortex volume, and impaired hippocampal function contribute to the condition.

More Figures from This Paper

Obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome are illustrated as metabolic diseases that commonly coexist with depression, highlighting their shared pathophysiological mechanisms through chronic low-grade inflammation.

Figure 4

Obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome are illustrated as metabolic diseases that commonly coexist with depression, highlighting their shared pathophysiological mechanisms through chronic low-grade inflammation.

diagram
Molecular pathways connecting stress-induced inflammation to insulin resistance are detailed, tracing how inflammatory signaling cascades impair insulin receptor substrate phosphorylation.

Figure 5

Molecular pathways connecting stress-induced inflammation to insulin resistance are detailed, tracing how inflammatory signaling cascades impair insulin receptor substrate phosphorylation.

diagram
Bidirectional relationships between depression and metabolic disturbances are outlined, showing how each condition exacerbates the other through shared inflammatory and neuroendocrine mechanisms.

Figure 6

Bidirectional relationships between depression and metabolic disturbances are outlined, showing how each condition exacerbates the other through shared inflammatory and neuroendocrine mechanisms.

diagram
Treatment options for major depressive disorders are presented, including pharmacological, psychological, and lifestyle interventions that address the inflammatory-metabolic axis.

Figure 7

Treatment options for major depressive disorders are presented, including pharmacological, psychological, and lifestyle interventions that address the inflammatory-metabolic axis.

diagram
A schematic representation maps the factors contributing to metabolic syndrome alongside corresponding dietary and lifestyle modifications that may alleviate these conditions, integrating evidence on stress management and anti-inflammatory nutrition.

Figure 8

A schematic representation maps the factors contributing to metabolic syndrome alongside corresponding dietary and lifestyle modifications that may alleviate these conditions, integrating evidence on stress management and anti-inflammatory nutrition.

diagram

Figure 3

Diagram
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Source Paper

A review on linking stress, depression, and insulin resistance via low-grade chronic inflammation.

Biochemistry and biophysics reports (2023)

PMID: 37965066

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101571

Cite This Figure

![Figure 3: Brain insulin resistance mechanisms underlying depression are depicted, showing how HPA axis dysregulation, reduced anterior cingulate cortex volume, and impaired hippocampal function contribute to the condition.](https://pdfs.citedhealth.com/figures/37965066/123.png)

> Source: Seema Mehdi et al. "A review on linking stress, depression, and insulin resistance via low-grade chr." *Biochemistry and biophysics reports*, 2023. PMID: [37965066](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37965066/)
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  <img src="https://pdfs.citedhealth.com/figures/37965066/123.png" alt="Brain insulin resistance mechanisms underlying depression are depicted, showing how HPA axis dysregulation, reduced anterior cingulate cortex volume, and impaired hippocampal function contribute to the condition." />
  <figcaption>Figure 3. Brain insulin resistance mechanisms underlying depression are depicted, showing how HPA axis dysregulation, reduced anterior cingulate cortex volume, and impaired hippocampal function contribute to the condition.<br>  Source: Seema Mehdi et al. "A review on linking stress, depression, and insulin resistance via low-grade chr." <em>Biochemistry and biophysics reports</em>, 2023. PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37965066/">37965066</a></figcaption>
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