What is the recommended dosage for Vitamin E?

General: 15 mg/day (22.4 IU); Immune Support Elderly: 200 IU/day

What are the side effects of Vitamin E?

Potential side effects include: Increased bleeding risk at high doses (>400 IU/day), Nausea and gastrointestinal distress, Fatigue and muscle weakness at very high doses, Potential increased mortality risk at chronic high doses (meta-analysis finding, debated).

What is vitamin E and how does it relate to immune function?

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant that protects immune cell membranes from oxidative damage. Clinical studies, particularly in older adults, have examined its potential to enhance T-cell function and improve vaccine responses.

What dosage of vitamin E has been studied for immune support?

Studies have used alpha-tocopherol at doses of 200–800 IU per day for immune outcomes in older adults. The SENIEUR protocol studies used 200 mg per day, which appeared to enhance delayed-type hypersensitivity responses. The Tolerable Upper Intake Level is 1,000 mg per day.

What are the potential side effects of vitamin E supplementation?

High-dose vitamin E may increase bleeding risk, particularly in combination with anticoagulant medications. Some large trials have raised concerns about cardiovascular risk at doses above 400 IU per day. Supplementation should be discussed with a healthcare provider.

Vitamin E

vitamin

Also known as: Alpha-Tocopherol, d-Alpha-Tocopherol, Mixed Tocopherols

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About

Vitamin E is a potent lipid-soluble antioxidant that protects immune cell membranes from oxidative damage. It enhances T-cell proliferation, lymphocyte function, and natural killer cell activity, particularly in older adults. Clinical trials in elderly populations show supplementation at 200 IU/day enhances DTH skin test response and antibody production.

How It Works

Potent lipid-soluble antioxidant that protects immune cell membranes from oxidative damage; enhances T-cell proliferation, lymphocyte function, and natural killer cell activity.

Evidence For Conditions

Condition	Grade	Studies	Participants
Immune Aging (Immunosenescence)	B	5	600	View →

Side Effects

Increased bleeding risk at high doses (>400 IU/day)
Nausea and gastrointestinal distress
Fatigue and muscle weakness at very high doses
Potential increased mortality risk at chronic high doses (meta-analysis finding, debated)

Drug & Supplement Interactions

Anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs (increased bleeding risk)
Statins (may reduce statin effectiveness)
Chemotherapy agents (may interfere with oxidative mechanisms)
Vitamin K (high-dose vitamin E may antagonize vitamin K)

Always inform your healthcare provider about all supplements you take.

Related Ingredients

Vitamin A Vitamin B6 Vitamin C Vitamin D

Quick Facts

Dosage: General: 15 mg/day (22.4 IU); Immune_Support_Elderly: 200 IU/day
Forms: capsule softgel liquid
Natural Sources: Sunflower seeds, Almonds, Hazelnuts, Wheat germ oil, Spinach
Upper Limit: 1,000 mg/day (1,500 IU natural, 1,100 IU synthetic)
Best Time: With meals containing fat

Evidence Summary

Immune Aging (Immunosenescence) B

FDA Disclaimer: These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. The products and information on this website are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. The evidence grades presented are based on our analysis of published peer-reviewed research and do not constitute medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen.