Selenium para Vaccine Response Support
C Evidências Evidência limitada de estudos de pequena dimensão, mas existem alguns sinais positivos.Adequate selenium status is associated with enhanced natural killer cell activity and improved vaccine response, particularly in elderly populations. Supplementation in deficient individuals may help restore optimal immune responses to vaccination.
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C
Conclusão
Adequate selenium status is associated with enhanced natural killer cell activity and improved vaccine response, particularly in elderly populations. Supplementation in deficient individuals may help restore optimal immune responses to vaccination.
Key Study Findings
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
n=7014
Trace Elements and Risk of Immune-Mediated Skin Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Dose: None
vs: Placebo
Efeito: Standardized mean differences reported for each element and disease combination (specific values not
None
Review
A scoping review: the impact of nutritional status on the efficacy, effectiveness, and immunogenicity of …
Dose: None
vs: None
Outcome: None
Efeito: None
None
População: Scoping review: nutritional status and COVID-19 vaccine
Review
Potential Applications and Risks of Supranutritional Selenium Supplementation in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A …
Dose: None
vs: None
Outcome: MASLD treatment and prevention
Efeito: None
None
População: Patients with metabolic steatotic liver disease (review)
Observational Study
n=44
Unveiling the micronutrient-immunity puzzle in inactivated COVID-19 vaccination: A comprehensive analysis of circulating micronutrient levels …
Dose: Fe, Zn, Cu, Se, vitamins A, D, E (measured)
vs: Pre-vaccination vs post-booster
Outcome: Antibody response association with micronutrients
Efeito: None
None
População: Healthy adults post-COVID-19 vaccination
Other
Novel selenium-enriched Pichia kudriavzevii as a dietary supplement to alleviate dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in …
Dose: None
vs: None
Outcome: Colitis severity
Efeito: None
None
População: Mouse model
Other
Effect of parenteral micronutrient supplementation at birth on immunity, growth, and health in preweaning dairy …
Dose: 4 g
vs: None
Outcome: Oxidative stress markers
Efeito: None
None
População: None
Key Statistics
5
Estudos
400
Participantes
↑
Positive
C
Nota
Referenced Papers
Nutrients
2025
3 citações
Tropical diseases, travel …
2025
1 citações
Trace Elements and Risk of Immune-Mediated Skin Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Meta-Analysis
Nutrition reviews
2025
Food & function
2024
6 citações
Journal of dairy …
2024
4 citações
Journal of medical …
2024
Selenium and immune function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental human studies.
Meta-Analysis
The American journal …
2023
57 citações
Selenium status and immunity.
Systematic Review
The Proceedings of …
2023
27 citações
European thyroid journal
2023
4 citações
Nutrients
2022
5 citações
Clinical nutrition ESPEN
2021
27 citações
BMC veterinary research
2021
24 citações
Physiological reports
2021
3 citações
Biological trace element …
2020
10 citações
Biological trace element …
2015
1 citações
Annual review of …
2014
9 citações
International journal of …
2013
104 citações
European journal of …
2012
225 citações
Minerva urologica e …
2012
Current opinion in …
2010
18 citações
Journal of the …
2010
11 citações
Archives of internal …
2007
8 citações
Dosage & Usage
mg = milligrams · mcg = micrograms (1,000× smaller) · IU = International Units
Dosagens Comumente Utilizadas
- general:
- 55 mcg/day
- immunesupport:
- 100-200 mcg/day
Limite superior: 400 mcg/day
Dosagens Estudadas em Pesquisas
| Dosagem | Duração | Efeito | N |
|---|---|---|---|
| None | -- | Mixed | 7014 |
| None | -- | Mixed | -- |
| None | -- | Mixed | -- |
| Fe, Zn, Cu, Se, vitamins A, D, E (measured) | -- | Positive | 44 |
| None | -- | Positive | -- |
| 4 g | -- | Positive | -- |
| Selenium supplement (dose not specified) | -- | Neutral | 105 |
| Various inorganic and organic selenium forms; dose-response assessed via plasma selenium concentrati | -- | Mixed | -- |
Melhor horário: With meals
Safety & Side Effects
Efeitos Colaterais Relatados
- ⚠ Selenosis at chronic high doses (hair loss, nail brittleness, garlic breath odor)
- ⚠ Nausea and diarrhea
- ⚠ Fatigue and irritability
- ⚠ Nerve damage (peripheral neuropathy) at very high chronic doses
Interações Conhecidas
- ● Cisplatin and other chemotherapy agents (selenium may modify effects)
- ● Statins (selenium may affect cholesterol metabolism)
- ● Birth control pills (may lower selenium levels)
- ● Gold salts (mutual reduction of effectiveness)
Ingestão máxima tolerável: 400 mcg/day
Consulte sempre o seu profissional de saúde antes de iniciar qualquer suplemento.Sempre consulte seu profissional de saúde antes de iniciar qualquer suplemento.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does Selenium help with Vaccine Response Support?
Based on 5 studies with 400 participants, there is limited but promising evidence that Selenium may support Vaccine Response Support management. Our evidence grade is C (Some Evidence).
How much Selenium should I take for Vaccine Response Support?
Studies have used various dosages. A commonly studied range is 55 mcg/day. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen.
Are there side effects of Selenium?
Reported side effects may include Selenosis at chronic high doses (hair loss, nail brittleness, garlic breath odor), Nausea and diarrhea, Fatigue and irritability, Nerve damage (peripheral neuropathy) at very high chronic doses. Most side effects are mild and dose-dependent. Consult your doctor if you experience any adverse reactions.
How strong is the evidence for Selenium and Vaccine Response Support?
We rate the evidence as Grade C (Some Evidence). This rating is based on 5 peer-reviewed studies with 400 total participants. The overall direction of effect is positive.
References
- [1] Chuanming Liu et al.. Nutrients. 2025. Potential Applications and Risks of Supranutritional Selenium Supplementation in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Critical Review. doi:10.3390/nu17152484 PubMed
- [2] Vicka Oktaria et al.. Trop Dis Travel Med Vaccines. 2025. A scoping review: the impact of nutritional status on the efficacy, effectiveness, and immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines. doi:10.1186/s40794-025-00258-z PubMed
- [3] Xinyi Shao et al.. Nutr Rev. 2025. Trace Elements and Risk of Immune-Mediated Skin Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuaf015 PubMed
- [4] Huijuan Wang et al.. Food Funct. 2024. Novel selenium-enriched Pichia kudriavzevii as a dietary supplement to alleviate dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice by modulating the gut … doi:10.1039/d4fo02598a PubMed
- [5] Hannah Carlson et al.. J Dairy Sci. 2024. Effect of parenteral micronutrient supplementation at birth on immunity, growth, and health in preweaning dairy heifers. doi:10.3168/jds.2023-24292 PubMed
- [6] Huicui Meng et al.. J Med Virol. 2024. Unveiling the micronutrient-immunity puzzle in inactivated COVID-19 vaccination: A comprehensive analysis of circulating micronutrient levels and humoral responses in healthy … doi:10.1002/jmv.29611 PubMed
- [7] Tommaso Filippini et al.. Am J Clin Nutr. 2023. Selenium and immune function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental human studies. doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2022.11.007 PubMed
- [8] Susan J Fairweather-Tait et al.. Proc Nutr Soc. 2023. Selenium status and immunity. doi:10.1017/S0029665122002658 PubMed
- [9] Liliana Ribeiro Santos et al.. Eur Thyroid J. 2023. Survey on selenium clinical supplementation in autoimmune thyroid disease. doi:10.1530/ETJ-22-0090 PubMed
- [10] Tsuyoshi Chiba et al.. Nutrients. 2022. The Perception of Minerals and Their Prevalence in Fortified Foods and Supplements in Japan. doi:10.3390/nu14132586 PubMed
- [11] Mette M Berger et al.. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2021. Strengthening the immunity of the Swiss population with micronutrients: A narrative review and call for action. doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.03.012 PubMed
- [12] Olla A Khalifa et al.. BMC Vet Res. 2021. The impact of vitamin E and/or selenium dietary supplementation on growth parameters and expression levels of the growth-related genes in … doi:10.1186/s12917-021-02963-1 PubMed
- [13] Thomas Castel et al.. Physiol Rep. 2021. Can selenium-enriched spirulina supplementation ameliorate sepsis outcomes in selenium-deficient animals? doi:10.14814/phy2.14933 PubMed
- [14] Akram Zarbalizadeh-Saed et al.. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2020. Effect of Slow-Release Pellets of Selenium and Iodine on Performance and Some Blood Metabolites of Pregnant Moghani Ewes and Their … doi:10.1007/s12011-019-01853-w PubMed
- [15] Mahmood Habibian et al.. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2015. Selenium as a feed supplement for heat-stressed poultry: a review. doi:10.1007/s12011-015-0275-x PubMed
- [16] Goutham Vemana et al.. Annu Rev Med. 2014. Chemoprevention of prostate cancer. doi:10.1146/annurev-med-121211-091759 PubMed
- [17] Priya Batra et al.. Int J Med Mushrooms. 2013. Probing Lingzhi or Reishi medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (higher Basidiomycetes): a bitter mushroom with amazing health benefits. doi:10.1615/intjmedmushr.v15.i2.20 PubMed
- [18] Nils Hovdenak et al.. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2012. Influence of mineral and vitamin supplements on pregnancy outcome. doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2012.06.020 PubMed
- [19] B J Schmitz-Dräger et al.. Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2012. Prevention strategies for prostate cancer. PubMed
- [20] Peter J D Andrews. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2010. Selenium and glutamine supplements: where are we heading? A critical care perspective. doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e32833617cd PubMed
- [21] Linda A Linday. J Am Coll Nutr. 2010. Cod liver oil, young children, and upper respiratory tract infections. doi:10.1080/07315724.2010.10719894 PubMed
- [22] Catherine Passaretti et al.. Arch Intern Med. 2007. Selenium and HIV-1: hope or hype? doi:10.1001/archinte.167.22.2530-b PubMed
Aviso Legal da FDA: Estas declarações não foram avaliadas pela Food and Drug Administration. Os produtos e informações neste site não se destinam a diagnosticar, tratar, curar ou prevenir qualquer doença. As notas de evidência apresentadas são baseadas em nossa análise de pesquisas revisadas por pares publicadas e não constituem aconselhamento médico. Sempre consulte seu profissional de saúde antes de iniciar qualquer regime de suplementação.