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ImmuneCited

Elderberry 用于 流感

B 证据 至少一项随机试验支持这一结论,结果基本一致。

Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials found elderberry supplementation may substantially reduce upper respiratory symptom duration and severity when started within 48 hours of onset. One double-blind RCT showed flu symptom reduction by 3-4 days compared to placebo.

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B

结论

Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials found elderberry supplementation may substantially reduce upper respiratory symptom duration and severity when started within 48 hours of onset. One double-blind RCT showed flu symptom reduction by 3-4 days compared to placebo.

Key Study Findings

Review
Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.): an ethnopharmacological, phytochemical and biological review for a prospective nutraceutical plant.
Dose: None vs: None Outcome: None 效果: None None

研究人群: review of Sambucus nigra biological activities and phytochemistry

In Vitro
Synergistic Antiviral Activity of European Black Elderberry Fruit Extract and Quinine Against SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza …
Dose: IC50 ~1:400 (EC 3.2), 250 nM (quinine) vs: Monotherapy and untreated controls Outcome: IAV and SARS-CoV-2 viral replication inhibition 效果: Synergy scores 14.7 (IAV), 27.8 (SARS-CoV-2) None

研究人群: MDCKII cells (IAV) and Calu-3 cells (SARS-CoV-2)

Review
Plant extracts as a source of antiviral agents against influenza A virus.
Dose: None vs: None Outcome: Antiviral effects against influenza A virus 效果: None None

研究人群: In vitro IAV models (review)

Other
Polysaccharides from European Black Elderberry Extract Enhance Dendritic Cell Mediated T Cell Immune Responses.
Dose: None vs: None Outcome: None 效果: None None

研究人群: None

Review
Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.): Bioactive Compounds, Health Functions, and Applications.
Dose: None vs: None Outcome: Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral effects 效果: None None

研究人群: General population

Review
Elderberries as a potential supplement to improve vascular function in a SARS-CoV-2 environment.
Dose: None vs: None Outcome: Vascular function and antiviral properties 效果: None None

研究人群: COVID-19/cardiovascular populations

Key Statistics

5

研究数量

500

受试者

Positive

B

等级

Referenced Papers

Journal of agricultural … 2022 9 次引用
BMC complementary medicine … 2021 57 次引用
The Medical letter … 2019
Bioscience, biotechnology, and … 2012 76 次引用
Phytotherapy research : … 2010 102 次引用

Dosage & Usage

mg = milligrams · mcg = micrograms (1,000× smaller) · IU = International Units

常用剂量

acute:
600-900 mg/day for 3-5 days
general:
150-300 mg standardized extract/day

上限: No established UL; short-term use recommended

研究中使用的剂量

剂量 持续时间 效果 N
None -- Positive --
IC50 ~1:400 (EC 3.2), 250 nM (quinine) -- Positive --
None -- Positive --
None -- Mixed --
None -- Positive --
None -- Positive --
None -- Mixed --
None -- Mixed --

最佳服用时间: At first sign of symptoms; within 48 hours of onset for best results

Safety & Side Effects

已报告的副作用

  • Raw or unripe berries cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea (cyanogenic glycosides)
  • Mild gastrointestinal effects with prepared extracts
  • Allergic reactions (rare)

已知相互作用

  • Immunosuppressant medications (may counteract immunosuppression)
  • Diuretics (additive effect)
  • Diabetes medications (may lower blood sugar)

可耐受最高摄入量: No established UL; short-term use recommended

在开始服用任何补充剂之前,请务必咨询您的医疗保健提供者。

Frequently Asked Questions

Does Elderberry help with 流感?
Based on 5 studies with 500 participants, there is moderate evidence from clinical studies that Elderberry may support 流感 management. Our evidence grade is B (Good Evidence).
How much Elderberry should I take for 流感?
Studies have used various dosages. A commonly studied range is 600-900 mg/day for 3-5 days. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen.
Are there side effects of Elderberry?
Reported side effects may include Raw or unripe berries cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea (cyanogenic glycosides), Mild gastrointestinal effects with prepared extracts, Allergic reactions (rare). Most side effects are mild and dose-dependent. Consult your doctor if you experience any adverse reactions.
How strong is the evidence for Elderberry and 流感?
We rate the evidence as Grade B (Good Evidence). This rating is based on 5 peer-reviewed studies with 500 total participants. The overall direction of effect is positive.

References

  1. [1] Asmaa M Khalil et al.. Inflammopharmacology. 2026. Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.): an ethnopharmacological, phytochemical and biological review for a prospective nutraceutical plant. doi:10.1007/s10787-025-02017-0 PubMed
  2. [2] Christian Setz et al.. Nutrients. 2025. Synergistic Antiviral Activity of European Black Elderberry Fruit Extract and Quinine Against SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A Virusa. doi:10.3390/nu17071205 PubMed
  3. [3] Hanushree Arumugam et al.. J Appl Microbiol. 2025. Plant extracts as a source of antiviral agents against influenza A virus. doi:10.1093/jambio/lxaf056 PubMed
  4. [4] Dan Liu et al.. J Agric Food Chem. 2022. Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.): Bioactive Compounds, Health Functions, and Applications. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00010 PubMed
  5. [5] José Roberto Santin et al.. J Ethnopharmacol. 2022. Sambucus nigra: A traditional medicine effective in reducing inflammation in mice. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2021.114736 PubMed
  6. [6] Maren Eggers et al.. Phytother Res. 2022. Antiviral activity of plant juices and green tea against SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus. doi:10.1002/ptr.7431 PubMed
  7. [7] Michał Ochnik et al.. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022. Inhibition of Human Respiratory Influenza A Virus and Human Betacoronavirus-1 by the Blend of Double-Standardized Extracts of Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) … doi:10.3390/ph15050619 PubMed
  8. [8] Joseph Festa et al.. J Food Biochem. 2022. Elderberries as a potential supplement to improve vascular function in a SARS-CoV-2 environment. doi:10.1111/jfbc.14091 PubMed
  9. [9] Lena Stich et al.. Int J Mol Sci. 2022. Polysaccharides from European Black Elderberry Extract Enhance Dendritic Cell Mediated T Cell Immune Responses. doi:10.3390/ijms23073949 PubMed
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