Echinacea के लिए Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
B संबंधित साक्ष्य कम से कम एक यादृच्छिक परीक्षण इसका समर्थन करता है, जिसके परिणाम अधिकतर सुसंगत हैं।Cochrane-reviewed meta-analyses suggest echinacea may modestly reduce cold duration and severity when started at symptom onset. Daily prophylactic use may reduce cold risk. Individual trial effects are small but consistently positive across multiple preparations.
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B
निष्कर्ष
Cochrane-reviewed meta-analyses suggest echinacea may modestly reduce cold duration and severity when started at symptom onset. Daily prophylactic use may reduce cold risk. Individual trial effects are small but consistently positive across multiple preparations.
Key Study Findings
Meta-Analysis
n=3169
Efficacy and safety of Echinacea purpurea in treating upper respiratory infections and complications of otitis …
Dose: None
बनाम: Placebo
Outcome: URTI treatment duration, incidence, antibiotic use
प्रभाव: SMD=-0.19 (duration); RR=0.81 (incidence)
<0.01
जनसंख्या: Children with URTI and otitis media (9 RCTs)
Review
Plant-Based Support of Respiratory Health during Viral Outbreaks.
Dose: None
बनाम: None
Outcome: None
प्रभाव: None
None
जनसंख्या: None
Meta-Analysis
Echinacea for the prevention and treatment of upper respiratory tract infections: A systematic review and …
Dose: None
बनाम: Placebo
Outcome: Upper respiratory tract infection
प्रभाव: None
None
जनसंख्या: None
Meta-Analysis
n=3135
13.0 weeks
Efficacy of vitamin C for the prevention and treatment of upper respiratory tract infection. A …
Dose: None
बनाम: Placebo
Outcome: Upper respiratory tract infection
प्रभाव: odds ratio = 0.75
p=0.07
जनसंख्या: children
In Vitro
Prevention and Treatment of Influenza, Influenza-Like Illness, and Common Cold by Herbal, Complementary, and Natural …
Dose: None
बनाम: Placebo
Outcome: Influenza and common cold prevention/treatment
प्रभाव: None
None
जनसंख्या: General population with respiratory infections
Randomized Controlled Trial
n=177
Double-blind
Antitussive effect of a fixed combination of Justicia adhatoda, Echinacea purpurea and Eleutherococcus senticosus extracts …
Dose: 30 ml/day
बनाम: placebo
Outcome: cough relief, which was assessed as the change …
प्रभाव: None
None
जनसंख्या: men
Key Statistics
20
अध्ययन
4000
प्रतिभागी
↑
Positive
B
ग्रेड
Referenced Papers
Clinical nutrition ESPEN
2025
2 उद्धरण
Journal of agricultural …
2022
9 उद्धरण
Efficacy of vitamin C for the prevention and treatment of upper respiratory tract infection. A meta-analysis in children.
Meta-Analysis
European journal of …
2019
54 उद्धरण
Echinacea for the prevention and treatment of upper respiratory tract infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Meta-Analysis
Complementary therapies in …
2019
51 उद्धरण
Journal of evidence-based …
2017
134 उद्धरण
Phytomedicine : international …
2015
36 उद्धरण
Frontiers in pharmacology
2014
14 उद्धरण
American family physician
2012
Natural product communications
2011
7 उद्धरण
Annals of allergy, …
2008
28 उद्धरण
Alternative medicine review …
2007
163 उद्धरण
International journal of …
2007
41 उद्धरण
Canadian journal of …
2007
20 उद्धरण
American journal of …
2006
51 उद्धरण
Journal of alternative …
2005
44 उद्धरण
Southern medical journal
2005
35 उद्धरण
Journal of clinical …
2004
109 उद्धरण
Clinical evidence
2003
Clinical evidence
2003
Annals of internal …
2002
178 उद्धरण
Primary care
2002
56 उद्धरण
American family physician
2002
Archives of family …
1998
162 उद्धरण
Dosage & Usage
mg = milligrams · mcg = micrograms (1,000× smaller) · IU = International Units
सामान्य रूप से उपयोग की जाने वाली खुराकें
- general:
- 300-500 mg standardized extract 3x/day
- acuteuse:
- At first sign of symptoms for 7-10 days
अधिकतम सीमा: No established UL; generally used for 10 days or less
अनुसंधान में अध्ययन की गई खुराकें
| खुराक | अवधि | प्रभाव | N |
|---|---|---|---|
| None | -- | Positive | 3169 |
| None | -- | Mixed | -- |
| None | -- | Positive | -- |
| None | 13.0 weeks | Mixed | 3135 |
| None | -- | Positive | -- |
| 30 ml/day | -- | Positive | 177 |
| None | -- | Neutral | -- |
| None | -- | Mixed | -- |
सेवन का सर्वोत्तम समय: At first sign of symptoms; multiple doses throughout the day
Safety & Side Effects
रिपोर्ट किए गए दुष्प्रभाव
- ⚠ Gastrointestinal upset (nausea, stomach pain)
- ⚠ Allergic reactions (especially in those allergic to daisies, ragweed)
- ⚠ Headache
- ⚠ Dizziness
ज्ञात अंतःक्रियाएँ
- ● Immunosuppressant medications (may counteract immunosuppression)
- ● CYP3A4 substrates (may alter metabolism of various drugs)
- ● Caffeine (may slow caffeine metabolism)
- ● Anabolic steroids and methotrexate (increased hepatotoxicity risk)
सहनीय अधिकतम सेवन: No established UL; generally used for 10 days or less
कोई भी सप्लीमेंट शुरू करने से पहले हमेशा अपने स्वास्थ्य सेवा प्रदाता से परामर्श करें।
Frequently Asked Questions
Does Echinacea help with Upper Respiratory Tract Infections?
Based on 20 studies with 4,000 participants, there is moderate evidence from clinical studies that Echinacea may support Upper Respiratory Tract Infections management. Our evidence grade is B (Good Evidence).
How much Echinacea should I take for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections?
Studies have used various dosages. A commonly studied range is 300-500 mg standardized extract 3x/day. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen.
Are there side effects of Echinacea?
Reported side effects may include Gastrointestinal upset (nausea, stomach pain), Allergic reactions (especially in those allergic to daisies, ragweed), Headache, Dizziness. Most side effects are mild and dose-dependent. Consult your doctor if you experience any adverse reactions.
How strong is the evidence for Echinacea and Upper Respiratory Tract Infections?
We rate the evidence as Grade B (Good Evidence). This rating is based on 20 peer-reviewed studies with 4,000 total participants. The overall direction of effect is positive.
Related Evidence
इसके लिए अन्य सामग्री Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
References
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- [2] Thirumurugan Rathinasabapathy et al.. J Agric Food Chem. 2022. Plant-Based Support of Respiratory Health during Viral Outbreaks. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06227 PubMed
- [3] Philippe Vorilhon et al.. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2019. Efficacy of vitamin C for the prevention and treatment of upper respiratory tract infection. A meta-analysis in children. doi:10.1007/s00228-018-2601-7 PubMed
- [4] Sholto David et al.. Complement Ther Med. 2019. Echinacea for the prevention and treatment of upper respiratory tract infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis. doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2019.03.011 PubMed
- [5] Haider Abdul-Lateef Mousa. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med. 2017. Prevention and Treatment of Influenza, Influenza-Like Illness, and Common Cold by Herbal, Complementary, and Natural Therapies. doi:10.1177/2156587216641831 PubMed
- [6] Anders Barth et al.. Phytomedicine. 2015. Antitussive effect of a fixed combination of Justicia adhatoda, Echinacea purpurea and Eleutherococcus senticosus extracts in patients with acute upper … doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2015.10.001 PubMed
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- [17] V Goel et al.. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2004. Efficacy of a standardized echinacea preparation (Echinilin) for the treatment of the common cold: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2003.00542.x PubMed
- [18] Chris Del Mar et al.. Clin Evid. 2003. Upper respiratory tract infection. PubMed
- [19] Chris Del Mar et al.. Clin Evid. 2003. Upper respiratory tract infection. PubMed
- [20] Bruce P Barrett et al.. Ann Intern Med. 2002. Treatment of the common cold with unrefined echinacea. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-137-12-200212170-00006 PubMed
- [21] Raja Jaber. Prim Care. 2002. Respiratory and allergic diseases: from upper respiratory tract infections to asthma. doi:10.1016/s0095-4543(01)00008-2 PubMed
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FDA अस्वीकरण: इन कथनों का Food and Drug Administration द्वारा मूल्यांकन नहीं किया गया है। इस वेबसाइट पर उत्पादों और जानकारी का उद्देश्य किसी बीमारी का निदान, उपचार, इलाज या रोकथाम नहीं है। प्रस्तुत साक्ष्य ग्रेड प्रकाशित पीयर-रिव्यूड अनुसंधान के हमारे विश्लेषण पर आधारित हैं और चिकित्सा सलाह नहीं हैं। कोई भी सप्लीमेंट शुरू करने से पहले हमेशा अपने स्वास्थ्य सेवा प्रदाता से परामर्श करें।